Supported databases#
By default, n8n uses SQLite to save credentials, past executions, and workflows. n8n also supports PostgresDB.
Shared settings#
The following environment variables get used by all databases:
DB_TABLE_PREFIX
(default: -) - Prefix for table names
PostgresDB#
To use PostgresDB as the database, you can provide the following environment variables:
DB_TYPE=postgresdb
DB_POSTGRESDB_DATABASE
(default: 'n8n')DB_POSTGRESDB_HOST
(default: 'localhost')DB_POSTGRESDB_PORT
(default: 5432)DB_POSTGRESDB_USER
(default: 'root')DB_POSTGRESDB_PASSWORD
(default: empty)DB_POSTGRESDB_SCHEMA
(default: 'public')DB_POSTGRESDB_SSL_CA
(default: undefined): Path to the server's CA certificate used to validate the connection (opportunistic encryption isn't supported)DB_POSTGRESDB_SSL_CERT
(default: undefined): Path to the client's TLS certificateDB_POSTGRESDB_SSL_KEY
(default: undefined): Path to the client's private key corresponding to the certificateDB_POSTGRESDB_SSL_REJECT_UNAUTHORIZED
(default: true): If TLS connections that fail validation should be rejected
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Required permissions#
n8n needs to create and modify the schemas of the tables it uses.
Recommended permissions:
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TLS#
You can choose between these configurations:
- Not declaring (default): Connect with
SSL=off
- Declaring only the CA and unauthorized flag: Connect with
SSL=on
and verify the server's signature - Declaring
_{CERT,KEY}
and the above: Use the certificate and key for client TLS authentication
MySQL / MariaDB#
Deprecated
n8n deprecated MySQL and MariaDB as backend databases in version 0.227.0.
n8n recommends using PostgreSQL.
Refer to how to export and import workflows and credentials for instructions.
To use MySQL or MariaDB, provide the following environment variables:
DB_TYPE=mysqldb
orDB_TYPE=mariadb
DB_MYSQLDB_DATABASE
(default: 'n8n')DB_MYSQLDB_HOST
(default: 'localhost')DB_MYSQLDB_PORT
(default: 3306)DB_MYSQLDB_USER
(default: 'root')DB_MYSQLDB_PASSWORD
(default: empty)
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SQLite#
This is the default database that gets used if nothing is defined.
The database file is located at:
~/.n8n/database.sqlite
Other databases#
n8n officially supports SQLite and PostgresDB.
n8n internally uses TypeORM, so adding support for the following databases should be possible:
- CockroachDB
- Microsoft SQL
- Oracle
If you can't use any of the supported databases for some reason and you can code, consider submitting a pull request. You can also request support here.